nuclear-free state - définition. Qu'est-ce que nuclear-free state
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Qu'est-ce (qui) est nuclear-free state - définition

ZONE DEFINED BY INTERNATIONAL TREATY IN WHICH NUCLEAR WEAPONS ARE PROHIBITED
Nuclear Weapons Free Zone; Nuclear weapon free zone; NWFZ; Nuclear-Weapon-Free Zone; Nuclear-weapon-free zones; Nuclear-weapons-free zone
  • The area between the Equator and 60°S, and between 20°W and 115°E, excluding Africa, Australia and Indonesia and their neighboring islands and waters, is outside the five southern NWFZs. A small area of ocean outside the upper right corner of the map, between Indonesia and Australia, is also not in any NWFZ.<br />Australian islands are part of the [[South Pacific NWFZ]] but the other [[oceanic island]]s in this area are owned by Britain, France, Norway, and [[Maldives]] and are the only Southern Hemisphere lands other than [[East Timor]] that are not in a NWFZ.
  • Area in dark blue is outside [[exclusive economic zone]]s. Some NWFZs are defined in terms of EEZ areas, some in terms of [[territorial waters]] which extend only 12 nautical miles.
  • The [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] is a geostrategic [[military alliance]] concerned with most of Europe and North America.
  • Just party to [[Non-Proliferation Treaty]]}}

Nuclear-weapon-free zone         
A nuclear-weapon-free zone (NWFZ) is defined by the United Nations as an agreement that a group of states has freely established by treaty or convention that bans the development, manufacturing, control, possession, testing, stationing or transporting of nuclear weapons in a given area, that has mechanisms of verification and control to enforce its obligations, and that is recognized as such by the General Assembly of the United Nations.Report of the Disarmament Commission, Supplement No.
Nuclear latency         
STATE THAT DOES NOT HAVE NUCLEAR WEAPONS BUT COULD RAPIDLY ACQUIRE THEM
User:DimensionQualm/Nuclear latency; Japan Option; Nuclear threshold state
Nuclear latency or a nuclear threshold state is the condition of a country possessing the technology to quickly build nuclear weapons, without having actually yet done so. Because such latent capability is not proscribed by the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty, this is sometimes called the "Japan Option" (as a work-around to the treaty), as Japan is considered a "paranuclear" state, being a clear case of a country with complete technical prowess to develop a nuclear weapon quickly, or as it is sometimes called "being one screwdriver's turn" from the bomb, as Japan is considered to have the materials, expertise and technical capacity to make a nuclear bomb at will.
Slave states and free states         
  • Territory incorporated into the US after the passage of the Thirteenth Amendment}}
  • Confederate]] states. Unshaded areas were not states before or during the Civil War.
  • During the American Revolution (1775-1783) some of the 13 British colonies seeking independence to become states began to abolish slavery. The U.S. Constitution ratified in 1789, left the matter in the hands of each state.
  • In the early years of the new United States, a north/south divide became evident
  • The Missouri Compromise of 1820, trading the admission of Missouri (a slave state) for Maine (a free state), drew a line extending west from Missouri's southern border, which was intended to divide any new territory into slave (south of the line) and free (north of the line).
  • With the statehood of Arkansas in 1836, the number of slave states grew to 13, but the statehood of Michigan in 1837 maintained the balance between slave and free states.
  • By 1845, with Texas and Florida in the Union as slave states, slave states once again outnumbered the free states for a year until Iowa was admitted as a free state in 1846.
  • By 1858, 17 free states, which included California (1850), and Minnesota (1858), outnumbered the 15 slave states.
  • By the eve of the Civil War in mid-1861, with the addition of Oregon (1859) and Kansas (1861), the number of free states had grown to 19 while the number of slave states remained at 15.
DIVISION OF U.S. STATES IN WHICH SLAVERY WAS EITHER LEGAL OR ILLEGAL
Slave states; Free state (United States); Slave State; Free state (USA); Slave state (United States); Slave state; Free and slave states; Slave and free states; Slave-holding state; Free states and slave states; Slave state or a free state; Slave state and free state; Free state and slave state
In the United States before 1865, a slave state was a state in which slavery and the internal or domestic slave trade were legal, while a free state was one in which they were not. Between 1812 and 1850, it was considered by the slave states to be politically imperative that the number of free states not exceed the number of slave states, so new states were admitted in slave–free pairs.

Wikipédia

Nuclear-weapon-free zone

A nuclear-weapon-free zone (NWFZ) is defined by the United Nations as an agreement that a group of states has freely established by treaty or convention that bans the development, manufacturing, control, possession, testing, stationing or transporting of nuclear weapons in a given area, that has mechanisms of verification and control to enforce its obligations, and that is recognized as such by the General Assembly of the United Nations. NWFZs have a similar purpose to, but are distinct from, the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons to which most countries including five nuclear weapons states are a party. Another term, nuclear-free zone, often means an area that has banned both nuclear power and nuclear weapons, and sometimes nuclear waste and nuclear propulsion, and usually does not mean a UN-acknowledged international treaty.

The NWFZ definition does not count countries or smaller regions that have outlawed nuclear weapons simply by their own law, like Austria with the Atomsperrgesetz in 1999. Similarly the 2+4 Treaty, which led to German reunification, banned nuclear weapons in the new states of Germany (Berlin and former East Germany), but was an agreement only among the six signatory countries, without formal NWFZ mechanisms.